Sex Differences in body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis: sex chromosome complement influences on angiotensin responses

Abstract

Clinical and basic findings indicate that angiotensin II (Ang II) differentially modulates hydroelectrolyte and cardiovascular responses in male and female. But are only the activational and organizational hormonal effects to blame for such differences? Males and females not only differ in their sex (males are born with testes and females with ovaries) but also carry different sex chromosome complements (SCC) and are thus influenced throughout life by different genomes.